Receiving and the capacitive profile of the capacitors arrangements on the base of butadiene-styrene rubber with the addition of CuCl 2 or ZnCl 2 and the active carbon

In an easy way presented, how to receive cheap capacitive materials with changeable capacitance depending on demand. The examination of capacitive properties has been determined in temperature of 20 ˚C. Average range of the capacitance oscillated between 1 and 9 F/g. The capacitive arrangements were marked on the arrangements with resistors and the decades capacitors.


INTRODUCTION
Super-capacitors are known from many years. They are mainly used as the materials -"accelerators" in car engines, giving more power. Also, the super-capacitors are widely used in electrical and electronic engineering.
Receiving and the capacitive profile of the organic capacitors for one gram of composite as a capacitor filler have been presented in this article.
Because of good quality and low price, for examination has been used the butadienestyrene rubber (SBR) as a mixture of 1,4 yew and trance with the composition of : 77% of butadiene for 23% of styrene (the values have been given in percentage of gram-molecule weight), which has been produced by Chemical Plant Dwory S.A. (Joint-stock company) near Oświęcim, Poland.

Stage 2 -synthesis of polymer electrolyte.
Before obtaining a rubber electrolyte with active carbon addition, a maximum amount of CuCl 2 or ZnCl 2 possible for adding was determined. This amount was assayed and it equaled to 5 grams of CuCl 2 or ZnCl 2 . The tests executed to increase the conductivity by adding bigger quantities CuCl 2 or ZnCl 2 to the caoutchouc demonstrated that the polymer dissolved in toluene is not precipitated as homogenous gel, but is broken into small, inhomogeneous forms of particles. CuCl 2 or ZnCl 2 in the amount of 5 grams dissolved in 40 cm 3 methanol and added to the SBR solution prepared earlier with addition of active carbon.
After stirring, rubber electrolyte precipitated from the solution almost at once. Such a rubber electrolyte system is left for one day after removal from the solution. After one day, the rubber system is subjected to electrical conductivity testing (Fig. 1).

The method of examination of conductivity and the capacitive properties of composite arrangements
In order to mark out the specific conductivity of received arrangements, they have been subjected to examinations with the use of alternating current.
For that, the following apparatus have been used: -the generator of alternating current of type: HEWLETT PACKARD 33120A 15MHz FUNCTION/ARBITARY WAVEFORM Generator -Multimeter of type AGILENT 3458a 81/2 DIGIT MULTIMETR -Oscillograph of type HEWLETT PACKARD infinium oscilloscope 500 MHz, 1Gsa/s Settings of the conductive polymers were examined on copper plates. These copper plates have been earlier cleaned with four-chloride-carbon (CCl 4 ) and rinsed with hot water.
Next, they have been subjected to four hour long chemical polishing within the solution with the following composition: -H 3 PO 4 (80%) 500 cm 3 (cubic centimetres) -CH 3 COOH (icy) 300 cm 3 -HNO 3 (60%) 200 cm 3 To such prepared two copper plates with the area of 0.88 cm 2 (square centimetres) each, the following arrangement (setting) has been introduced: polymer + CuCl 2 (ZnCl 2 ) + active carbon with the thickness of 0.1 cm. Figure 2 presents  Below, has been presented the arrangement scheme for the measurement of capacitors properties of polymers composites. Figure 3, presents typical electronic diagram of such setting.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In the following table the capacitive values expressed in Farads have been presented, depending on the amount of active carbon added to the rubber electrolyte.  Above, the capacitive profile of the polymer composite has been presented. The active carbon admixture range in regard to polymer arrangement, causes changeable capacitive values. If the added active carbon increases, the capacitive properties increase proportionally, almost in linear way. It can be assumed, that such polymers arrangements with the capacitors properties, are having the predictable capacities, depending on the amount of the active carbon added.

CONCLUSION
Received, from the butadiene-styrene caoutchouc the capacitive arrangements with the addition of CuCl 2 (ZnCl 2 ) and active carbon can be used as materials in electronic and electrotechnical industry.