Control of Rots and Spoilage of Agricultural Products: A Review

Article Preview

Abstract:

The most important losses in agricultural production which involve the greatest costs on the farm economy occur postharvest. It is estimated that worldwide between 10 and 40% losses of agricultural produce occur postharvest. Losses are more severe in developing than developed nations of the world. Several species of fungi and in some cases bacteria participate in postharvest deterioration and rots of tubers and agro- produce. These include species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Macrophomina, Penicillium and Rhizopus amongst several others. In a bid to control these storage diseases several control techniques including physical, biological, and chemical and in recent times plant-based pesticides are employed. Chemical control has been identified as the most popular and most effective means of controlling plant diseases. However, it is being de-emphasized due largely to mammalian toxicity occasioned by chemical residues in crops. This in addition to many other demerits on ecological health and build-up of pathogens’ resistance to some of the most effective fungicides have prompted search for alternatives. Recently in plant pathology many tropical plants are being screened for fungitoxic properties. This review presents highlights of the different control techniques for control of myco- induced storage rots of tubers and agricultural products in the tropics.

Info:

Pages:

63-72

Citation:

Online since:

July 2014

Export:

Share:

Citation:

[1] Adjaye-Gbewonyo D., Quaye E.C, Wubah D.A., (2010). The effects of extracts of Piper guineense seed on insect pest damage to cowpea. J Young Investigators, 20(1): 264-256.

Google Scholar

[2] Agrois G.N., (1998). Plant Pathology (Edition 3). Academic Press INC., New York. p.703.

Google Scholar

[3] Amadioha A.C., (2012). Reducing food losses through sustainable methods of plant disease management: an imperative for actualization of food security in Nigeria. A paper presented at the 13th inaugural lecture MOUAU, June, (2012)

Google Scholar

[4] Amadioha A.C., and Markson A.A., (2007a). Postharvest control of cassava tuber rot caused by Botrydiplodia acerina using extracts of plant origin. Arch Phytopathol, 40(5): 359-366.

DOI: 10.1080/03235400600624079

Google Scholar

[5] Amadioha A.C., and Markson A.A., (2007b). Control of storage rot of cassava tuber caused by Rhizopus oryzae using some plant extracts. Arch Phytopathol, 40(6): 381-388.

DOI: 10.1080/03235400500222248

Google Scholar

[6] Arya, A. (2010). Recent advances in the management of plant pathogens: Botanicals in the fungal pest management. In: Management of fungal plant pathogens.

DOI: 10.1079/9781845936037.0003

Google Scholar

[7] Bankole S.A, Adebanjo, A. (2003). Mycotoxins in food in West Africa: Current situation and possibilities of controlling it. Afr J Biotechnol, 2(9): 254-263.

DOI: 10.5897/ajb2003.000-1053

Google Scholar

[8] Bennett, D. (2005). Farm Press - New study shows the benefits of fungicides use. www.westernfarmpress.com/new=study-shows. Retrieved Oct. 12, 2012.

Google Scholar

[9] Biobank, (2009). Farming methods comparison. www.omz.jp/?page_id=271 Retrieved May 9. 2010.

Google Scholar

[10] Carsky, R. Asiedu, R. And Cornet D, (2010). Review of soil fertility management for yam- based systems in West Africa. Afr J Root Tuber Crop, 8(2): 1-17.

Google Scholar

[11] Enyiukwu, D.N., and Awurum, A.N., (2011). Effects of phytochemicals from Carica Papaya roots and, 4(20): 55-59.

Google Scholar

[12] Enyiukwu, D.N., and Awurum, A.N., (2012). Comparative fungitoxicity of benomyl And extracts of Carica papaya roots and seeds and Piper guineense seeds on Colletotrichum destrucivum O'Gara. Co nt J Biol Sci, 6(1): 38-42.

Google Scholar

[13] Enyiukwu, D.N, and Awurum, A.N., (2013). Fungitoxic principles and antifungal activity of extracts from Carica papaya and Piper guineense on Colletotrichum destructivum. Cont J Biol Sci, 7(1): 29-36.

Google Scholar

[14] Enyiukwu, D.N., and Awurum, A.N., (2013). Fungitoxic effects of Carica papaya and Piper guineense extracts against Colletotrichum destructivum in the glasshouse. Cont J Agric Sci, 7(1): 23-28.

Google Scholar

[15] Gupta, R., Khokhar M.K, and Lai R, (2012). Management of black mould of onion. J. Plant Pathol Microbiol, 3(5): 3-5.

Google Scholar

[16] Hell, K., Cardwell, K.F., Setamou, M. and Poehling HM, (2000). The influences of storage practices on aflatoxin contamination of maize in four agroecological zones of Benin, West Africa. J Stored Prod Res, 36: 365-382.

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-474x(99)00056-9

Google Scholar

[17] Kana, H.A., Aliyu, I.A., Chammang, H.B. (2012).Review on neglected and underutilized root and tuber crops as food security in achieving the millennium development goals in Nigeria. J Agric Vet Sci, 4: 27-33.

Google Scholar

[18] My Agriculture Information Bank, (2013). Microbial losses in fruits and vegetables. In: Nature and causes of deterioration in fruits and vegetables. Retrieved October 28: www.agriinfo.in/defalt.aaspx?page=topic&spuperid=2&topicid=1429 2013.

Google Scholar

[19] Okigbo, R.N., Putheti, R., and Achusi, C.T., (2009a). Post-harvest deterioration of cassava and its control using extracts of Azadirachta indica and Afromonium meleguata. E-J Chem, 6(4): 1274-1280.

DOI: 10.1155/2009/680519

Google Scholar

[20] Okigbo, R.N., (2004). A review of biological control methods for postharvest yams (Dioscorea spp.) in storage in South Eastern Nigeria. KMITL Sci Technol J, 4(1): 207-215.

Google Scholar

[21] Okigbo, R.N., (2005). Biological control of postharvest fungal rot of yams (Dioscorea spp.) with Bacillus subtilis. Mycopathologica, 159: 307-314.

DOI: 10.1007/s11046-004-2454-8

Google Scholar

[22] Okigbo, R.N., Anuagasi, C.L.,and Amadi, J.E., (2009b). Advances in selected medicinal and aromatic plants indigenous to Africa. J Med Plant Res, 3(2): 86-95.

Google Scholar

[23] Okigbo, R.N., and Ikediugwu, F.E.O., (2000). Studies in the biological control of postharvest rot of yams (Dioscorea rotundata) with Trichoderma viride. J Phytopathol, 148: 331-335

DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2000.tb04786.x

Google Scholar

[24] Okigbo. R.N., and Nmeka, I.A., (2005). Control of yam tuber rot with leaf extracts of Xylopia aethiopica and zingiber officinale. Afr J Biotechnol, 4(8): 804-807.

Google Scholar

[25] Okigbo, R.N., and Nwakammah, P.T., (2005). Biodegration of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and water yam (Dioscorea alata) slices dried under different conditions. KMITL Sci Technol J, 5(3): 1-10.

DOI: 10.33140/anfs/02/01/00005

Google Scholar

[26] Oladoye, C.O., Olaoye, O.A., Cornnerton, I.F., (2013). Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with spoilage of sweet potatoes during postharvest storage. Int J Agric Food Sci, 3(1): 10-15.

Google Scholar

[27] Opara, E.U., and Obana, F.T. (2010). Performance of some plant extracts and pesticides in the control of bacterial spot disease of Solanium. Medwell Agric J, 5(2): 45-49.

Google Scholar

[28] Opara, E.U., and Wokocha, R.C. (2008). Efficacy of some plant extracts on the in vitro and invivo control of Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria. Medwell Agric J, 3(3): 163-170.

Google Scholar

[29] Oreskes, N., and Conway, E.M. (2010). Denial rides again; the revisionist attack on Rachel Carson. In: Merchants of doubt. NY, Bloomsbury. pp.216-235

Google Scholar

[30] Pinstrup-Anderson, P. and Panda-lorch, R. (1994). Alleviating poverty, intensifying agriculture and effectively managing natural resources. A Food, Agriculture and Environment discussion paper Washington DC 20: 13-14.

Google Scholar

[31] Sadiku, N.A. and Sadiku, I.B.S., (2011). Indigenous efforts by African farmers in ensuring sustainability in agricultural productivity in the face changing climate: A proceeding of the Environmental Management Conference, FUNAAB, Nigeria, 2011.

Google Scholar

[32] Salami, O.A. and Popoola, O.O., (2007). Thermal control of some postharvest rot pathogens of Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). J Agric Sci, 52(1): 17-31.

DOI: 10.2298/jas0701017s

Google Scholar

[33] Shukla, A.M., Yadav, R.S., Shashi, S.K., Dikshit, A., (2012). Use of plant metabolites as an effective source for the management of postharvest fungal pest: A review. Int J Curr Discoveries Innovations, 1(1): 33-45.

Google Scholar

[34] Suprapta, D.N. (2012). Potentials of microbial antagonist as biocontrol agents against plant fungal pathogens. J ISSAAS 18(2): 1-8.

Google Scholar

[35] Taiga, A., (2011). Comparative studies of the efficacy of some selected Fungicidal aqueous plant extracts on Yam tuber dry rot disease. Ann Biol Res, 2(2): 332-336.

Google Scholar

[36] Tripathi, P. and Dubey, A.K., (2004). Exploitation of natural plant products as an alternative strategy for control of postharvest fungal rotting of fruits and vegetables. Postharvest Biol Tech, 32(3):235-245.

DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2003.11.005

Google Scholar

[37] O. A. Davies, E. Jaja, International Letters of Natural Sciences 4 (2013) 10-25.

Google Scholar

[38] Alamu Salawu Abideen, International Letters of Natural Sciences 4 (2013) 26-33.

Google Scholar

[39] Suhas J. Vyas, Taslim T. Khatri, Vijay R. Ram, Pragnesh N. Dave, Hitendra S. Joshi, International Letters of Natural Sciences 7 (2014) 16-20. ( Received 13 June 2014; accepted 02 July 2014 )

Google Scholar